[
  {
    "id": "dl3-a04-1",
    "type": "article",
    "title": "REALM: Retrieval-Augmented Language Model Pre-Training",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Kelvin Guu"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Kenton Lee"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Zora Tung"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Panupong Pasupat"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Ming-Wei Chang"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2020
        ]
      ]
    },
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.08909",
    "container-title": "arXiv primary author manuscript",
    "note": "Original arXiv bibliographic record and abstract inspected on 2026-10-28; full proof and source experiments not independently audited.",
    "archive": "arXiv",
    "archive_location": "2002.08909"
  },
  {
    "id": "dl3-a04-2",
    "type": "article",
    "title": "Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Tasks",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Patrick Lewis"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Ethan Perez"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Aleksandra Piktus"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Fabio Petroni"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Vladimir Karpukhin"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Naman Goyal"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Heinrich Küttler"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Mike Lewis"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Wen-tau Yih"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Tim Rocktäschel"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Sebastian Riedel"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Douwe Kiela"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2020
        ]
      ]
    },
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.11401",
    "container-title": "arXiv primary author manuscript",
    "note": "Original arXiv bibliographic record and abstract inspected on 2026-10-28; full proof and source experiments not independently audited.",
    "archive": "arXiv",
    "archive_location": "2005.11401"
  },
  {
    "id": "dl3-a04-3",
    "type": "article",
    "title": "Dense Passage Retrieval for Open-Domain Question Answering",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Vladimir Karpukhin"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Barlas Oğuz"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Sewon Min"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Patrick Lewis"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Ledell Wu"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Sergey Edunov"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Danqi Chen"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Wen-tau Yih"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2020
        ]
      ]
    },
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.04906",
    "container-title": "arXiv primary author manuscript",
    "note": "Original arXiv bibliographic record and abstract inspected on 2026-10-28; full proof and source experiments not independently audited.",
    "archive": "arXiv",
    "archive_location": "2004.04906"
  },
  {
    "id": "dl3-a04-4",
    "type": "article",
    "title": "Improving language models by retrieving from trillions of tokens",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Sebastian Borgeaud"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Arthur Mensch"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Jordan Hoffmann"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Trevor Cai"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Eliza Rutherford"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Katie Millican"
      },
      {
        "literal": "George van den Driessche"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Jean-Baptiste Lespiau"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Bogdan Damoc"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Aidan Clark"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Diego de Las Casas"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Aurelia Guy"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Jacob Menick"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Roman Ring"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Tom Hennigan"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Saffron Huang"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Loren Maggiore"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Chris Jones"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Albin Cassirer"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Andy Brock"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Michela Paganini"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Geoffrey Irving"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Oriol Vinyals"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Simon Osindero"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Karen Simonyan"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Jack W. Rae"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Erich Elsen"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Laurent Sifre"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2021
        ]
      ]
    },
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.04426",
    "container-title": "arXiv primary author manuscript",
    "note": "Original arXiv bibliographic record and abstract inspected on 2026-10-28; full proof and source experiments not independently audited.",
    "archive": "arXiv",
    "archive_location": "2112.04426"
  },
  {
    "id": "dl3-a04-5",
    "type": "article",
    "title": "REPLUG: Retrieval-Augmented Black-Box Language Models",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Weijia Shi"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Sewon Min"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Michihiro Yasunaga"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Minjoon Seo"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Rich James"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Mike Lewis"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Luke Zettlemoyer"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Wen-tau Yih"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2023
        ]
      ]
    },
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.12652",
    "container-title": "arXiv primary author manuscript",
    "note": "Original arXiv bibliographic record and abstract inspected on 2026-10-28; full proof and source experiments not independently audited.",
    "archive": "arXiv",
    "archive_location": "2301.12652"
  },
  {
    "id": "dl3-a04-6",
    "type": "article",
    "title": "Atlas: Few-shot Learning with Retrieval Augmented Language Models",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Gautier Izacard"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Patrick Lewis"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Maria Lomeli"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Lucas Hosseini"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Fabio Petroni"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Timo Schick"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Jane Dwivedi-Yu"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Armand Joulin"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Sebastian Riedel"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Edouard Grave"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2022
        ]
      ]
    },
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.03299",
    "container-title": "arXiv primary author manuscript",
    "note": "Original arXiv bibliographic record and abstract inspected on 2026-10-28; full proof and source experiments not independently audited.",
    "archive": "arXiv",
    "archive_location": "2208.03299"
  }
]